The first thing you want to do when considering the purchase of a business is to record the basic details of that business. Do so by filling out the form fields below.
The first thing you want to do when considering the purchase of a business is to record the basic details of that business. Do so by filling out the form fields below.
Diligence is a business approach employed in determining the risks and benefits before making a strategic investment decision on an existing business concern, particularly on a thriving business venture.
The risks involved may be actual and potential risks. The same holds true in the benefits involved in terms of sales and profitability.
Investments Decisions could take on many forms, however, the focus will be towards the acquisition of a business concern.
This includes the following:
This includes:
Lawsuit Documents on Pending and Threatened Litigation should be reviewed carefully in order to assess their legal implications on the business operation.
Report on their current employment status should be carefully reviewed in order to find out its implications should retrenchment be pursued in cases of management takeover.
Changes in employee ranking should be carefully studied to determine its impact on succession planning in case of management takeover.
Current rankings are one of the important considerations to be reviewed because of its implications on separation pay before a new management will take over the business.
The current job rotation and upgrading programs could be used as reference when changes in management occur.
Reports on an underutilized and redundant workforce could be used as one of the basis for any planned workforce reduction.
Reports on service pay and productivity incentives could be used as one of the reference-points when negotiations takes place as soon as a new management assumes power.
Current succession and retrenchment plans are one of the considerations that could be used in case a downsizing of employees would be decided upon by the new management.
It is very important to be able to identify and communicate with shareholders who are willing to sell their shareholdings prospective investor.
Access to shares of stocks documents is an important consideration, in planning an acquisition, in order to find out which group of shareholders should be given much attention in the negotiations.
Knowing who are the most active stockholders in annual meetings is a very important piece of information when considering an acquisition. Negotiating with them plays a crucial role in the success of a management takeover.
Examining cash and stock dividend documents could be one of the deciding factor in acquisition because dividend pay-outs could either encourage or discourage investors from taking over the business.
An investor should have a good grasp of these contracts before making a decision on an acquisition because they reveal the benefits or risks that apparently could not be seen without conducting an in-depth investigation.
Property valuations could be one of the major considerations that could play a crucial role in an acquisition because over-valuation or under-valuation of properties could encourage or discourage an investor to take over the business.
Examining real estate documents as well as tax declaration statements could be crucial in planning an acquisition because it disclose the real status of the business properties. These estate might be nearing foreclosures due to arrears in tax liabilities or other forms of indebtedness.
Discussing with creditor banks about the company’s mortgages could spell the difference between success and failure in an acquisition because it could reveal otherwise undisclosed indebtedness of the business.
Reviewing legal documents that could point out the different places where the company conducts business should be done at all costs before deciding on an acquisition because it could disclose some transactions that otherwise would not have been recorded in the financial statements.
Review copies of comparative audited/unaudited financial statements in order to determine if the asset holdings of the business concern can adequately pay its indebtedness, or alternatively, if the equity holdings of the business concern can adequately cover its indebtedness.
Review copies of operational and capital expenditures in order to determine if its projected sales can sufficiently meet its business expenditures. If it can, a business takeover is likely to take place.
Examine copies of comparative statement of cash flows in order to determine if the business concern has enough ‘financial liquidity’ to pay off its current liabilities within one year of operation. If it can, an investor would be motivated to make a business acquisition
Analyze copies of comparative cash flows projections in order to know if the business concern has enough cash resources to meet its financial obligations in the short-term. If it can, it could make an investor consider acquiring that business concern.
Reviewing patents makes a lot of business sense when an investor would like to size up the intangibles of the business because it could disclose potential benefits that would bring it more revenues in the coming years.
Reviewing copyrights and trademarks documents would enable the investor to determine the intangibles that would bring it more marketplace success in the near future.
Access to trade secret documents could become a game-changer in an investing decision because it could give business insight to the investor in terms of long-term growth and profitability.
More aspects to be looked into are employee compensation packages, including fringe benefits, healthcare, sick leave and vacation leave policies under the non-disclosure agreements.
To be reviewed are the individual resumes of key employees and the terms & conditions of the employee stock ownership plan under the non-competition agreement to ensure that no conflicts of business interests occur.
This includes resume of key employees, personnel handbook, schedule of Employees’ benefits, vacation and sick leave policies, schedule of employees’ healthcare & pension insurance policies
Reviewing employee contracts is vital in conducting due diligence as it discloses the aggregate costs of labor-related expenses to the investor. Management takeover could take place or not depending on high or how low the total labor expenditure compared to the total revenues of the business.
Renewable contracts on supply and services could give the investor a good perspective on the outsourcing activities of the business. Higher costs of outsourcing activities would discourage business takeover.
Copies of agreements on subsidiary and joint ventures should be reviewed in order to determine if these companies can directly affect the profitability of the business concern.
Obtaining copies of such contracts enables the investor to take a good look on the debt management policies of the business. Through these documents, the investor could get a better idea of potential success.
It gives the investor a bird’s eye view of the debt management direction of the business. More mortgages and collateral pledges implies that the business is heavily relying on creditors to finance its operations. This would discourage management takeover.
Knowing the scope & limitations of these licenses/permits and regulations could help the investor in planning an acquisition. The prospective investor would know if business efficiency is improved or not, due to these licenses/permits and other regulatory practices.
Industry associations have regulations that makes business more effective in attaining long-term growth. This would encourage an acquisition.
An investor would like to know if the business properties are compliant with environmental regulations. No business takeover would take place if these properties are not environment-friendly.
Prospective investor would not take over the business if work-related accidents are too frequent in the workplace. Poor safety standards discourages management takeover.
A business takeover on a manufacturing business would not go ahead if their raw materials/supplies do not have materials safety data sheet. It is an indication that they have sub-standard safety regulations and health risks to its workers and bring more harm to the environment.
Tax declarations could be intentionally done with the connivance of the tax authorities. Authenticity of such declaration is important to the prospective buyer otherwise the planned acquisition would become a fraudulent act.
It is very important to review the insurance coverage of a business because the prospective investor would want to know if its employees and operations are adequately protected against actual and potential risks. Non-life insurance coverage includes fire insurance, accident insurance and suchlike.
An investor would only consider taking over a business if its property, plant and equipment are sufficiently protected against risks. If the business takes seriously its risk management obligations it will be a viable option in the eyes of an investor.
Reviewing the product lines and services of a business concern should be undertaken in order to determine if these lines of business are adequately supported with local distributors/dealership contracts, along with agreements from principals for indent orders transactions.
This is in order for such a business concern to provide product/service warranties and improve its after-sales services and product support offerings.
Reviewing the professional services contracts of a business concern is important in a planned business acquisition. The investor needs to know if these outsourced professional services such as accounting, legal and technical services, are contributing to the long-term growth of the business or not.