
One-piece flow, also called single-piece flow or continuous flow, is a lean production method in which one unit moves from one process step to the next without waiting for a batch. The goal is to reduce work in progress, expose problems early, and shorten lead time while keeping each step synchronized with demand.
A 2013 Toyota Production System redesign for a Food Bank For New York City partner shows the scale of the opportunity. Toyota reported that box-packing time fell from 2.2 minutes to 11 seconds, meal delivery increased from 25 to 450 meals per hour, and truck capacity rose from 864 to 1,260 boxes. Those results came from a complete redesign of layout, box size, packing, and distribution, not from one technique in isolation.
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